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Curated List
Quick Take
Government blockchain initiatives in 2025 include: Wyoming DAO LLC (live — hundreds of DAOs incorporated), Arizona Electronic Transactions Amendment (live — blockchain records legally valid), FedNow (live — instant settlement, adjacent to blockchain), GSA digital asset contracts (exploring auction transparency), Pima County land records (pilot completed), CBDC research (wholesale CBDC studies, no retail decision), CBP supply chain (piloting blockchain manifests), and VA medical records (exploring veteran identity portability). The environment is 'cautious progress' — not hostile, not enthusiastically supportive.
What Is Live
Wyoming DAO LLC (State Law): Wyoming's DAO LLC Act allows DAOs to incorporate as LLCs with on-chain governance as the legal governance mechanism. Active since 2021 — hundreds of DAOs have incorporated.
Arizona Electronic Transactions Act Amendment: Arizona explicitly recognized blockchain records as legally valid electronic records. Smart contract terms are legally enforceable in Arizona.
FedNow (adjacent, not blockchain): The Federal Reserve's FedNow instant payment system launched July 2023. While not blockchain, it provides the instant settlement capability that blockchain advocates have cited as a use case — reducing the perceived urgency for blockchain-based payment rails in certain contexts.
GSA (General Services Administration) Digital Asset Contracts: GSA manages government surplus property sales and has explored blockchain-based auction transparency for government asset disposal.
Pima County, Arizona — Land Records Pilot: Completed a pilot recording real estate transactions on a public blockchain. The pilot demonstrated feasibility; full production deployment is still under evaluation.
What Is in Active Development (2025)
CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency): The Federal Reserve has been studying wholesale CBDC (for interbank settlement, not retail). Project Hamilton (MIT/Fed) produced technical research. No deployment decision as of mid-2025 — the political environment for retail CBDC in the US is unfavorable under current administration.
Customs and Border Protection — Supply Chain: CBP has piloted blockchain-based cargo manifests for import tracking — connecting importer, freight forwarder, and CBP in a shared ledger.
VA (Veterans Affairs) Medical Records: VA has explored blockchain for veteran identity and medical record portability across VA and private healthcare systems.